Simple Qestions

This is simply when you ask a question and you expect either a yes or no answer. In english, an auxilary verb, to do, is used, except when the verb is "to be", when the subject and verb become inverted. Japanese is much simpler, just add か to the end of the sentence. The tense is determined by the conjugation of the verb. As mentioned before, か belongs to a group called 'particles'.

Did you go to the river? -->　山に行ったか。
Do you like cheese? -->　チーズを好きですか。
Is there a tree? -->　木がありますか。